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Why capsular contracture of the breast appears

Сapsular contracture of the breast

One of the currently demanded plastic surgery for breast augmentation is considered safe, and thanks to the use of implants, you can achieve beautiful and voluminous shapes. However, with all the positive aspects, postoperative complications can still arise. One of the negative manifestations is capsular contracture. Although the complication is rare, it can provoke the development of pathology.

What you need to know about breast capsular contracture: concept and causes

Too much fibrous tissue may form around the implant. This phenomenon is considered a natural process, as the body reacts to a foreign body.When the formed shell becomes very compacted and thick in structure, we can talk about the development of pathology.

How does it develop? The dense tissue surrounding the endoprosthesis forms a capsule which can thicken and strongly press on the implant, as a result of which the patient experiences pain. The proportions of the mammary glands are altered, the implant is displaced, and the breast loses its natural look.

With a complex stage of capsular contracture, deformation of the endoprosthesis and leakage of contents are noted. As a result, a second operation is required. Such a complication often occurs at the beginning of the recovery period, but there are also cases when the pathology develops later, after several years.

After diagnosis, you can determine the stage of development of this pathology. Usually, encapsulation affects one implant, but there are cases when two at once are subject to negative consequences. Timely detection of pathology and proper treatment will help prevent a serious complication.

Common causes of capsular contracture:

  • individual reaction to a foreign body;
  • the appearance of a hematoma after surgery;
  • with the introduction of implants, the integrity of the milk ducts is violated;
  • too large implant;
  • during the rehabilitation period an inflammatory process occurs;
  • hormonal changes;
  • flow of the gel through the shell;
  • the body’s predisposition to scar formation.

The reason for the development of this pathology is often the implant. Size, configuration, surface,  materials used and brand play a role. If you seriously choose a reliable surgeon, you can reduce to almost zero the negative consequences.

The main symptoms of capsular contracture

Pathology is usually on one side, but it can be simultaneously in both mammary glands. What are the criteria for determining this type of complication:

  • the mammary gland is significantly thickened usually within a year after the intervention;
  • at first, the breast acquires a triangular-conical shape, and then becomes round and does not look like a natural one;
  • excessive sensitivity of the mammary glands, their soreness.

How capsular contracture is classified (by signs):

  • Grade I: fibrous tissue is within normal limits
  • Grade II: the edges of the implant are palpable, though it is slightly displaced, the tissue thickens;
  • Grade III: breast lumps are clearly visible, discomfort may be felt;
  • Grade IV4: loss of breast elasticity, even visually distinct asymmetry.

Surgical treatment is prescribed for III and IV degrees. However, in each case, the doctor determines the problem and may order an MRI. As practice shows, this pathology is not often observed in patients, only 1-2% may have a risk of occurrence of this pathology. It is difficult to predict it in advance, but it is quite possible to reduce the risk to a minimum.

It is recommended to install only high-quality new generation implants. Also, according to experts, products with a textured surface have proven themselves better in use. Such endoprostheses take root well with the tissues of the mammary glands. In addition, during the rehabilitation period, it is necessary to adhere to the doctor’s prescriptions and follow all the recommendations.

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